This episode of Digo Ramro focused on the extraction of sand, gravel, and stone from Nepal’s rivers, shedding light on the ongoing disputes and governance challenges caused by overlapping jurisdiction and unclear policies between local, provincial, and federal authorities. Since the implementation of federalism in 2072 B.S., conflicts over natural resource ownership and revenue sharing have become more pronounced. Bitta Bahadur Gurung, a member of the National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission, provided expert policy insights, stating that confusion persists over decision-making authority and shared responsibilities between local and federal governments. He emphasized the need for a clear understanding of policies and frameworks to resolve these issues. Gurung added that such conflicts should be addressed through dialogue and discussion within the municipalities themselves.